The US blockade of ships using Iranian ports in the Gulf has come into effect, turning the six-week-old conflict between the US-Israeli coalition and Iran into a test of economic endurance. US Central Command (Centcom) made no formal announcement of the start of the blockade but had said it begin on Monday at 5.30pm Iranian time and would apply to any ships entering or departing Iranian ports or coastal areas, while ships using non-Iranian ports would not be impeded.
Donald Trump
claimed that 34 ships had passed through the strait of Hormuz, the gateway to
the Gulf, on Sunday, but there was no supporting evidence for the claim.
Speaking to reporters at the White House, the president also claimed: “We’ve
been called by the other side,” who he said would “like to make a deal very
badly”.
Throughout the
conflict, which began with a US-Israeli attack on 28 February, Trump has made
frequent claims that Tehran had been in direct contact, desperate for an
agreement, but the claims have never been substantiated.
Iran warned
that ordinary Americans would pay the cost for Donald Trump’s latest move in
the shape of higher petrol prices and also vowed that if the US went back to
bombing, the Tehran regime was ready to retaliate. For his part, Trump said any
Iranian attack boats approaching the US flotilla in the region would be
“immediately eliminated”.
It appeared on
Monday that US naval forces were going to try to enforce the blockade east of
the strait of Hormuz, in the Gulf of Oman, beyond easy Iranian missile and
drone range. It remained unclear how Centcom intended to stop any oil tanker
attempting to break the blockade. A missile attack could cause an environmental
disaster, leaving open the possibility that US forces could seek to board and
take control of any vessel not obeying US instructions.
UK Maritime
Trade Operations issued an advisory to seafarers to “maintain heightened
situational awareness” pending updates giving details on how they were expected
to navigate through the new conditions in the region.
Trump said any
Iranian “fast attack ships” would be eliminated if they approached US vessels
enforcing the blockade with “the same system of kill” as the US has used to
sink nearly 50 small boats in the Caribbean and eastern Pacific, killing at
least 168 people who it has claimed
without evidence were involved in narco-trafficking.
Trump ordered the blockade following US-Iranian talks in Islamabad that ended after 21 hours without agreement. The tactic is aimed at strangling the heavily oil-dependent Iranian economy, and forcing Tehran to meet US demands to reopen the Hormuz strait to ships from the ports of Gulf allies, and to accept a complete ban on uranium enrichment.
Miad Maleki, a
former US treasury official now at the Foundation for the Defense of
Democracies, said on X that the US naval blockade would cost Iran approximately
$276m a day in lost exports and disrupt $159m a day in imports – representing
combined economic damage of $13bn a month.
The Iranian
regime has insisted that it would in effect still have control of the Hormuz
strait and can determine which ships would be allowed to pass and has claimed
that the US blockade would result in higher oil prices, which climbed back to
above $100 a barrel since the diplomatic breakdown in Islamabad.
Mohammad
Bagher Ghalibaf, Iran’s parliamentary speaker who also led his country’s
delegation in Islamabad, told Americans in a post on X on Sunday to “enjoy the
current pump figures”, taunting Washington with historical US political
sensitivity about petrol prices.
“With the
so-called ‘blockade’, soon you’ll be nostalgic for $4-$5 gas,” Ghalibaf added.
The current average petrol price in the US is $4.13 a gallon, up from $2.98
before the US and Israel launched the war on Iran on 28 February.
The president conceded on Sunday that petrol prices could be the same as they are now or more when the nation votes in congressional elections, telling Fox News they could go “a little bit higher”. The Iranian embassy in Thailand posted a mock election poster on Monday, emblazoned with the words “Trump: $20.28 a gallon”, under the question: “Are you ready folks?”
The US
president had reacted angrily to the American-born pope’s criticisms of the
administration’s use of religious language to justify its war in Iran. Trump
called him “weak on crime” and “terrible for foreign policy”, and posted
an AI-generated picture of himself as a Christ-like figure tending the sick,
an image widely condemned as blasphemous. On Monday, Trump claimed the image
(in loose red and white robes and light emanating from his hands) was intended
to portray him as “a doctor”.
Iran’s president, Masoud Pezeshkian, spoke out on Monday against what he called the “desecration of Jesus”. “I condemn the insult to Your Excellency on behalf of the great nation of Iran, and declare that the desecration of Jesus, the prophet of peace and brotherhood, is not acceptable to any free person.”
The pope told
reporters on Monday that he had “no intention to debate” with Trump over Iran
and added he would “continue to speak out loudly against war, looking to
promote peace, promoting dialogue and multilateral relationships among the
states to look for just solutions to problems”.
The US-Israeli
bombardment of Iran has stopped under a two-week Pakistani-brokered ceasefire,
which began on Wednesday. Trump has told US forces remained “locked and loaded”
and ready to “finish up the little that is left of Iran”.
Iran has also
said it is ready to go back to battle. Ebrahim Zolfaghari, an Iranian military
spokesperson, said on Monday that if Iranian ports were threatened, “no port in
the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman will be safe”.
Despite
Trump’s claims that other countries would help enforce the US blockade, none
has come forward. The UK prime minister, Keir Starmer, was adamant that his
country did not support the blockade and that “we are not getting dragged into
the war”.
Germany,
Spain, Italy, Poland and Greece have all ruled out sending naval forces to
support the blockade. France’s president, Emmanuel Macron, has said Paris would
organise a conference with the UK and other countries to create
a multinational mission to restore navigation in the Hormuz strait but
made clear that would come after the conflict.
“This strictly defensive mission, distinct from the belligerents, will be deployed as soon as the situation allows,” Macron said on X. Ursula von der Leyen, the president of the European Commission, said that restoration of freedom of navigation in the strait of Hormuz was of “paramount” importance.

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